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What does "middleware" mean in programming?

middleware is one of the most common terms in software development. This guide explains what it means, how it is used in practice, and why it matters, with real examples from the developer world.

Definition

Software that sits between two systems or layers and processes requests before they reach their destination. In web frameworks, middleware functions can authenticate, log, or transform requests.

Example

"The authentication middleware checks the JWT token before the request reaches the route handler."

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